On June 19, 2014, The European Institute held a breakfast discussion in Brussels on the European Commission’s proposal, “Regulation of interchange fees for card-based payments” which looks to ensure transparency, trim transactional costs, and encourage further innovation in e-commerce. Todd Zywicki, Professor atGeorge Mason University Law School & Senior Fellow at the International Center for Law and Economics in Washington, DC; Leo Van Hove, Professor at the Free University of Brussels; and Marcin Nowacki, Director of Public Affairs at the Union of Entrepreneurs and Employers, Poland presented case studies from the U.S., France and Poland where different degrees of e-payment regulations have been implemented and discussed the outcomes of these directives.